Philosophy of Perception

In this video, several illusions are shown that deceive your senses. Illusions such as the Zöllner Illusion and the Poggendorff illusion confuse our bottom up processing by tricking our vision. However, our vision isn't the only sense that these illusions can confuse, blind individuals presented with raised versions of the same illusions are also confused by them. These illusions effect the visual and touch systems by confusing our bottom up processing by tricking out sight and touch. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Je1mkzRU5rc&t=64s

Reber Shukri Professor Vaughn Negative afterimage is a stimulus which elicits a positive image. In order to experience this, one can look at a bright source of light and then look away to a dark area. The way negative afterimage works is when the eye's photo-receptors which are the rods and cones adapt to over stimulation and lose sensitivity. The photo-receptors which are constantly exposed to the same stimulus will fatigue their supply of photo pigment, resulting a decrease in signal to the brain. The way negative afterimage connects to perception is because of bottom up processing where the stimulus influences what we perceive. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=szy8iNCljlQ <Link to the video

Unlock your super senses In this video, there is volunteers to listen to certain sounds and their reaction to the sound. The first noises they had the volunteers listen to was good vibrations, but the people who were performing this experiment was controlling the sounds from behind. After everyone heard good vibrations, they started to hear bad vibrations. The bad vibrations were nails on a chalkboard, a ballon, dentist drills, and vomiting. The volunteers reactions to these sounds were their brain telling them but these sounds were bad vibrations compared to the good vibrations. The sense modality plays a role in this video because of the sounds because the volunteers heard the different sounds and reacted to them because their brain knew if it was a good vibration or bad vibration.

Priming is used as evidence for predictive coding. Our brains use the previous words in the list to anticipate what the fifth word should be, even though it really could be anything. This is a n example of top down processing because your brain is making predictions about what  the fifth word should be, and therefore anticipates it, and influences what we think the fifth word should be. It is using previous knowledge of grouping these things together to produce an answer for the fifth word.

A schizophrenic process is more of a bottom up process  than  a top down which is what we do. We are unable to see a hollow face at first because we have never seen that before in our prior experience. This illusion occurs because the brain interprets information based on context and previous experience, or top down processing. In schizophrenic people there is a dysconnectivity between the parietal cortex, where top down occurs, and the lateral occipital cortex, where bottom up occurs, which is why they see the hollow face right away. In healthy people the connectivity in these areas are increased which is why they see a regular rotating face 

In this video the waiters and waitresses give the customers a water menu with fancy different names. They then taste the differently packaged water. Since they were convinced that they were actually different types of water, they were comparing them and actually tasted a difference. The reasoning behind this is, since they were told that they were different, they believed what they were told. They perceived what they expected it to be. This is is an example of how your expectations mess with your view of the present. Therefore, they tasted the water to be different but in reality it was tap water the whole time in different bottles.  

In this video, they discuss how your sense of hearing can be confused based on what you are seeing. This video proves that what your senses are telling you is not always true. At one point it shows the tower bouncing and some people hear a thud when it hits the ground even though the video does not have a thud sound. This is just one example of how senses can affect each other.